In a completely metallic conduit system it is not necessary to ground each junction box as long as the metallic system has the grounding capacity rating larger than that of the over current device protecting the circuit. The code book states what size conduits are rated at, for grounding amperages.
Yes.
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Junction boxes are usually laid out so that the circuit splices are located in the basement and in the attic. Attic junction boxes have to have a vertical clearance of three feet above it to make it legal.
Only the main panel is grounded directly because if you ground each junction box of subpanel ground loop current paths are possible that can cause shock hazards. The ground rod is connected to main panel and the neutral is bonded to that ground as is the ground wire. The neutral and ground wire are then run to all circuits, junction boxes and subpanels throughout the house. If you tie neutral and ground together at any point in the house, other than the main panel ground loops can exist and cause shocks.
If the system is a conduit system you usually push a fish tape down the pipe from a known location. Usually about 99% of the time the fish tape will get hung up in the junction box. This will give you a distance from a known location to start looking for the box. If it is a Romex or Loomex system your best bet is to get an electrician friend to look at the system and ask him how he would wire the circuit. This is one of the faults that DIYers tend to do, that being burying junction boxes in the walls. They don't know the fact that most fires start in junction boxes and that is why they have to be accessible.
Yes, because the wire-mold is just a slip together fitting, a positive ground medium can not be obtained. There are ground screw at all fitting junction boxes. Terminate the ground wire on these screws to make the grounding continuous.
When you refer to a pull box you have to be talking about a conduit system. In a metallic system, no don't have to ground pull boxes. By the fact that it is a metallic system the conduit and associated boxes are already grounded by the connection to the distribution panel. In a PVC conduit system a ground wire has to be pulled so that the load device has a return ground wire to trip the breaker on a ground fault. Pull boxes in a PVC system don't have to be grounded just the last junction box at the load.
== == Think about it. The conduit is metal, and can be touched by people. It is carrying live wires and is connected to steel junction boxes. What would happen if a hot wire accidentally touched the steel conduit? The ground wire is there to keep the conduit from going live in a fault condition. You want to ground any metal surface a user can touch in case of faults.
There are no advantages or disadvantages over which type of junction box to be used on electrical wiring. As long as the junction box is of an approved type (CSA or UL approved). It is cost or location which dictates which boxes will be used. PVC boxes for home wiring are the cheapest. Aluminium or steel are usually used in rigid or EMT conduit systems. PVC again when the conduit system involves underground wiring. In large electrical installations it is the electrical engineer that states what the conduit system type is and what type of electrical junction boxes that must be used.
Poly Vinyl Chloride composition is used for many products these days. Junction boxes, fittings and conduit are a few products that are made for the electrical trade that are made out of PVC. Most electrical engineered underground installations specify that PVC conduit be used because of its resistance to corrosion. Steel conduit systems, that PVC replaces, were found to disintegrate after a few years in the ground.
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There is no minimum height for junction boxes per NEC. Any use of a junction box that would be subjected to harsh conditions because of its height would have to be rated for the condition. Personally, in outdoor areas, I like to keep boxes at least 18" above grade in areas that get snow.
The electrical code states that there will be no more that four quarter bends between junction boxes. Keep in mind when conduit bending that an offset of two 45 degree bends is classed as a 90 degree bend. Offsets between two junction boxes uses up two of the four 90 degree bends allowed. If in a conduit run, the limit of 90 degree bends is utilized, always pull in stranded wire to make the pull go easier.
Junction boxes are usually laid out so that the circuit splices are located in the basement and in the attic. Attic junction boxes have to have a vertical clearance of three feet above it to make it legal.
No. There is no gold in electrical junction boxes. If there was there would be many rich electricians.
Depending on the situation junction boxes can be used anywhere. Yes, it is normal.
The electrical code states that there will be no more that 4 quarter bends between junction boxes. Keep in mind when conduit bending that an offset of two 45 degree bends is classed as a 90 degree bend. Offsets between two junction boxes uses up two of the four 90 degree bends allowed.In a conduit run between J boxes the number of bends can not exceed 360 degrees.The electrical code allows four 90 degree bends between pull boxes.
With Junction boxes.