The speed limit is exactly that - the speed limit. It remains in place even when overtaking another vehicle. Chances are, if you're going five over the speed limit to overtake a vehicle, and a police officer observes it, they'll let it slide. Do 20 over, and they're not going to. However, there is no guarantee - the moment you go over the speed limit, you're subject to be cited for it, even in a passing situation.
In the United States it is always unlawful to exceed the posted speed limit regardless of the reason. It is also part of the uniform driving code of the United States that some aspects of the laws (such as speeding) can be temporarily suspended to increase safety. Thus, increasing speed to pass a slow moving vehicle can be acceptable if it makes passing that vehicle safer. Increasing speed to overtake (catch up to) another vehicle is not acceptable.
In practice, It is acceptable to increase the speed of your vehicle over the legal speed limit to pass or overtake another vehicle. Legally, it is not permitted. If the other vehicle is already at the speed limit, you should not be passing it. If it were a police car you were passing, at any speed above the speed limit, they could stop you.
So long as you are not speeding as you are passing yes. However if the vehicle you are passing is traveling at the speed limit the cop that books you will contend that you had no reason for passing.
In practice, It is acceptable to increase the speed of your vehicle over the legal speed limit to pass or overtake another vehicle. Legally, it is not permitted. If the other vehicle is already at the speed limit, you should not be passing it. If it were a police car you were passing, at any speed above the speed limit, they could stop you.
No, sound waves travel at the same speed therefore one cannot overtake another.
never
When going round a corner, think of it like another car. Never on blind turns, when there's another car coming in the opposite direction or if they're likely to turn as you overtake them.
100
acceptable.
Acceptable
(in the US) On multi-lane roadways - The far right lane
Because - as you overtake the vehicle in front, high-beams will be reflected straight back at the driver - through their mirrors. Low beams are angled more towards the ground.
Acceptable