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relevant to a hypothesis, either
positively or negatively.
2.2 Hypotheses and Sub-hypotheses
Hypotheses are questions or conjectures of interest to an
observer. Hypotheses may involve alternative possible
explanations, possible answers, or alternative estimates.
Hypotheses may have substructure. It is sometimes possible to
partition a high-level hypothesis into a set of sub-hypotheses. The
substructure decomposition is always a hierarchical tree. The
hierarchy may be several levels deep before bottoming out in
questions that can be directly assessed and answered by evidence.
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What is a single conjecture that can be tested?
Hypothesis
What is the difference between hypothesis and lemma?
A Hypothesis is something that you set out to test to prove or disprove. A Lemma is something that has already been proved that you use to help prove something else.
What happens when probability value is greater than alpha value?
When probability value (p-value) is greater than alpha value, we fail to reject the null hypothesis.Probablity value is the probability of obtaining an answer equal to or more extreme than the observed value.Alpha value is the level of significance. It's the value set that determines if a result is statistically significant, or in other words, if it's not likely to have occurred simply due to chance. Alpha value is usually 5%.There are two hypotheses when we conduct a hypothesis test: the null hypothesis and the alternative hypothesis.The null hypothesis acts as a default position. It's usually an assumption that there is no relationship between two events or that a treatment has no effect. In most legal systems, the null hypothesis would be that the defendant is innocent.The alternative hypothesis is what we would assume if we reject the null hypothesis. We reject the null hypothesis when the probability value is less than the alpha value.
A quantity that can have more than a single value is called?
a variable
What is q sub p?
ten thousand
What does form a hypothesis mean?
It's the Greek word ΥΠΟΘΕΣΙΣ. ΥΠΟ- = Sub- . -ΘΕΣΙΣ = Position, standpoint. Hypothesis = Grounds lain, supposition, presupposition, presumption, infrastructure. In Greek, (ΘΕΜΑ) stands also for: case, cause, matter, affair.
A possible explanation or answer to a question is a?
A hypothesis
What results from the Zonosemata experiment support the sub-hypothesis that wing waving alone reduces predation by jumping spiders?
Zonosemata flies with housefly wings are attacked less frequently
What is a proposed a scientific idea is called?
hypothesis
What is jalousy hypothesis?
Jalousy hypothesis is synonymous to null hypothesis. A hypothesis that leads to nowhere
What prefix is there for hypothesis?
what prefix does hypothesis have? what prefix does hypothesis have?
When do we reject a hypothesis?
When we've proven that the hypothesis is false !
What is a verbal hypothesis?
ANSWER: A verbal hypothesis is when you say a hypothesis orallly.
What should you do after you form a hypothesis?
test your hypothesis.
What is a testable explanation of a situation?
A hypothesis.
What is a causal hypothesis?
A casual hypothesis is a more usual hypothesis.
What is hypothesis statement in marketing research?
HYPOTHESIS IN MARKETING RESEARCH - VIEWING IT DIFFERENTLYArticle Summary:Hypothesis is a tentative statement about the probable solution to a problem of research study well in advance prior to conducting the research study(c) V S RANGARAJANHYPOTHESIS IN MARKETING RESEARCH - VIEWING IT DIFFERENTLYI) INTRODUCTIONHypothesis is a tentative statement about the probable solution to a problem of research study well in advance prior to conducting the research studyThe statement prepared by the Researcher must have logic / evidence / supporting information substantiating the Hypothesis statement arrivedResearch studies are expected to have number of data which need to be analyzed using statistical tools ultimately to arrive at research findings. Hence it becomes inevitable for the Researcher to establish one main Hypothesis and many sub Hypothesis to support the main HypothesisThe research conducted without using the required / adequate statistical analysis at each and stage of the research process may lead the Researcher in the wrong direction making the research a futile exercise. Hence the Researcher needs to use statistical analysis in all he stages of research like Defining the population, Hypothesis formulation and Statistical data analysis, etcIf the research work does not have statistical analysis of data the Researcher need not consider establishing the HypothesisThe author wants to present the facts of the Hypothesis in a different manner than usual and hence the following explanation on the topicII) CLASSIFICATION OF HYPOTHESISHypothesis could be classified on two different ways1) Stage of the research in the entire research process2) level of importance and nature of problem on hand andType 1Hypothesis if developed based on the Stage of the research in the entire research processa) Main Hypothesisb) Sub Hypothesisa) Main HypothesisAs soon as the research problem is taken the Researcher conducts Literature study, Exploratory study, etc to become familiar with the problem thoroughly and to formulate Hypothesis.The Main Hypothesis refers to the Primary objective of the study which is arrived from the need of the studyExampleA Researcher wants to conduct research on the Reasons for decline in sales of company manufacturing andselling cars of X brand.From the experts / dealer opinion survey the researcher has found out that the sales decline is because of Customer dissatisfaction.Based on the above Exploratory research the Researcher has formulated the Main Hypothesis as the customer dissatisfaction is the reason for sales decline in the car companyThe Researcher to confirm that only the Customer dissatisfaction is the reason for the sales decline he proceeds with the following research work'Study on Customer satisfaction level on the X brand cars among its customersAfter developing the Main Hypothesis he develops many Sub Hypothesis to support the Main Hypothesisb)Sub HypothesisThe Researcher prepares questionnaire keeping the Secondary objectives in mind the answers for the questions provide information to test the HypothesisThus the Researcher develops many Sub Hypothesis to find answers for the Secondary objectives established with relevance to Primary objective- Duration of holding the car purchased by the owners is very less- Number of complaints reported by the customers are high, etcThe Sub Hypothesis will be either accepted or rejected based on the Statistical analysis conducted like percentage analysis, trend analysis, etcConsolidating the Sub Hypothesis the Researcher arrives at a conclusion whether to accept or reject the Main Hypothesis statedType 2The level of importance and nature of problem on hand for research plays an important role in developing HypothesisHypothesis classified based on the level of importance and the nature of the problem on hand are,a) No Hypothesis researchb) Tentative Hypothesisc) Well defined Hypothesisa) No Hypothesis researchWhen the research problem is of the nature like estimation, finding averages, etc the researcher cannot or may not formulate HypothesisThat is if the Researcher is proposing to use only simple Statistical tools like percentages, mean, mode, median, etc to arrive at findings the Researcher may not be interested in establishing the HypothesisexampleWhen the Researcher wants to find out the quantity of water that the students of a particular college drink daily, where no secondary data is available with the college authorities in any form, the Researcher has to proceed the research wok without any Hypothesis.One option that exists for him to formulate Hypothesis is to conduct a small sample survey with the students of the college and thus arrive at a Hypothesis. Here the Hypothesis formulated is in no way going to help the Researcher and hence he need not waste his time and energy in establishing the Hypothesis, he can as well proceed without HypothesisSince developing Main Hypothesis itself is considered as a wasteful exercise there is no question of developing Sub Hypothesis here in these type of research studiesb) Tentative Hypothesis ResearchTentative Hypothesis is the statement made by the Researcher without taking much effort in arriving at the Hypothesis and also without possessing much supportive information in formulating the Hypothesis.When the magnitude of the problem is not serious or when the problem is from a very general area, the Researcher may not be interested in spending money, effort and time in conducting exploratory research to come out the supporting information on the Hypothesis the Researcher formulates Hypothesis on a tentative manner from the data which he obtained easily and is termed as the Tentative Hypothesis.This is like the person instead of proceeding in total darkness without direction proceeding with a torch light which may be sufficient as long as his speed is very minimal. This is like from no direction situation ( No Hypothesis research condition ) to some direction situationSince the research work involves only one or two simple statistical tools the Researcher will be put to the necessity of developing one or few Sub Hypothesisc) Well defined working HypothesisOn the other hand when the research is conducted in not a popular / specialized subject area the results of which is going to be used for taking a major important decision the Researcher need to formulate a well defined workingHypothesis with necessary supporting information collected in a well defined manner with clarity using Exploratory researchSimilarly when the nature of the problem is complex the necessity of using more number of Statistical tools inevitable and hence becomes very important for the Researcher in formulating the Well defined Hypothesis to proceed with the research processFirst the Researcher arrives at the Main Hypothesis keeping the Primary objective in mind and develops many more Sub Hypothesis as and when he proceeds with statistical analysis of the data the findings of which will be combined to arrive at the findings for the Primary objectiveIII) CONCLUSIONFor research study there will be only one Main Hypothesis and many Sub Hypothesis depending on the number of secondary objectives. More the number of secondary objectives more will be the Sub Hypothesis and vice versa. Similarly more of statistical tools used more will be the Sub Hypothesis.
