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The mean is better than the median when there are outliers.
The median and mode cannot be outliers. For small samples a mode could be an outlier.
I think it means that our data includes outliers.
You will notice a difference in the data if you have outliers. The mean of a set is going to be heavily influenced by outliers due to the mean being dependant on the quantity of each unit (i.e. 2 cats, 7 cats, 300 cats, etc.) The median, however, is not influenced by outliers because it accounts for the number of units rather than the quantity associated with the units.
No. The mean is calculated by adding all of the numbers, then dividing that sum by [how many numbers]. The trimmed meandoes remove some outliers (same number of outliers at top and bottom, though). The median is the middle number of a sorted set.