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The size of DNA fragments in band 4 should be smaller than those of band 1. The fragments can be separated by electrophoresis, with the smaller fragments migrating farther than the larger ones.

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Q: Are the DNA fragments in band 4 larger or smaller than those of band 1?
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What is created by treating DNA with restriction enzymes to create fragments allowing them to travel in an agarose gel bed with electricity and capturing the results in a type of picture?

When DNA is treated with restriction enzymes, and the fragments are loaded onto a gel which is subjected to electrophoresis, we get a banding pattern of the DNA fragments with the farthest band (from the gel) of those fragments smallest in size.


What is the blue band at the bottom of the gel when PAGE gel is performed and where are the DNA fragments?

The blue band at the bottom of the gel is Bromophenol blue and DNA fragments will be in the gel according to their molecular weight.


Two small restriction fragments of nearly the same base pair size appear as a single band even when the sample is run to the very end of the gel What could be done to resolve the fragments?

Increase the density of the gel. This will slow down the denser fragment while speeding up the less dense fragment. The down side is that the denser fragments near the beginning of the gel near the DNA well will be seen as a single band.


Does a single band form in electrophoresis gel if all the DNA fragment is of same size?

if all the fragments are of same size (same fragment length), it will form a single band on an agarose gel. unless you are using other gel electrophoresis technique like DGGE, then only it will separate fragments with different sequences, but that will depends on the resolution power too.


What makes up the thick bands in DNA fingerprinting?

Band thickness relates to the amount of DNA present at that size. For example, if there were 5 fragments of 1000bp in length and 1 fragment of 2000bp in length, the band at the 1000bp spot would appear thicker than that at the 2000bp spot. This is because there are more fragments of DNA there. A band may also appear thick if there are fragments of a very similar length - giving the appearance of one thick band. For example, if there were fragments with the lengths; 95bp, 105bp, 110bp and 120bp - they may all occupy a very similar space and so appear as one band.

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What is created by treating DNA with restriction enzymes to create fragments allowing them to travel in an agarose gel bed with electricity and capturing the results in a type of picture?

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