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What else can I help you with?
The space above the dura mater?
The space above the dura mater is called the subdural space. It contains a small amount of fluid that acts as a cushion for the brain. Bleeding or fluid accumulation in this space can lead to subdural hematomas or hygromas.
Where is the subdural space located?
subdural space is located between the dura and arachnoid mater, containing a small amount of serous fluid to help with friction.
What are treatmens for plague?
The small number of cases that occur today are treated with antibiotics.
What are the treatments for the black plague?
The small number of cases that occur today are treated with antibiotics.
Subdural hematoma?
DefinitionA subdural hematoma is a collection of blood on the surface of the brain.Alternative NamesSubdural hemorrhageCauses, incidence, and risk factorsSubdural hematomas are usually the result of a serious head injury. When one occurs in this way, it is called an "acute" subdural hematoma. Acute subdural hematomas are among the deadliest of all head injuries. The bleeding fills the brain area very rapidly, compressing brain tissue. This often results in brain injury.Subdural hematomas can also occur after a very minor head injury, especially in the elderly. These may go unnoticed for many days to weeks, and are called "chronic" subdural hematomas. With any subdural hematoma, tiny veins between the surface of the brain and its outer covering (the dura) stretch and tear, allowing blood to collect. In the elderly, the veins are often already stretched because of brain atrophy (shrinkage) and are more easily injured.Some subdural hematomas occur without cause (spontaneously).The following increase your risk for a subdural hematoma:Anticoagulant medication (blood thinners, including aspirin)Long-term abuse of alcoholRecurrent fallsRepeated head injuryVery young or very old ageSymptomsConfused speechDifficulty with balance or walkingHeadacheLethargy or confusionLoss of consciousnessNausea and vomitingNumbnessSeizuresSlurred speechVisual disturbancesWeaknessIn infants:Bulging fontanelles (the "soft spots" of the baby's skull)Feeding difficultiesFocal seizuresGeneralized tonic-clonic seizureHigh-pitched cryIncreased head circumferenceIncreased sleepiness or lethargyIrritabilityPersistent vomitingSeparated sutures (the areas where growing skull bones join)Signs and testsAlways get medical help after a head injury. Older persons should receive medical care if they shows signs of memory problems or mental decline. An exam should include a complete neurologic exam.Your doctor may order a brain imaging study if you have any of the following symptoms:Confused speechDifficulty with balance or walkingHeadacheInability to speakLethargy or confusionLoss of consciousnessNausea and vomitingNumbnessRecent congitive decline in an elderly person, even without a history of brain injurySeizuresSlurred speechVisual disturbanceWeaknessA CT scan or MRI scan likely would be done to evaluate for the presence of a subdural hematoma.TreatmentA subdural hematoma is an emergency condition.Emergency surgery may be needed to reduce pressure within the brain. This may involve drilling a small hole in the skull, which allows blood to drain and relieves pressure on the brain. Large hematomas or solid blood clots may need to be removed through a procedure called a craniotomy, which creates a larger opening in the skull.Medicines used to treat a subdural hematoma depend on the type of subdural hematoma, the severity of symptoms, and how much brain damage has occurred. Diuretics and corticosteroids may be used to reduce swelling. Anticonvulsion medications, such as phenytoin, may be used to control or prevent seizures.Expectations (prognosis)The outlook following a subdural hematoma varies widely depending on the type and location of head injury, the size of the blood collection, and how quickly treatment is obtained.Acute subdural hematomas present the greatest challenge, with high rates of death and injury. Subacute and chronic subdural hematomas have better outcomes in most cases, with symptoms often going away after the blood collection is drained. A period of rehabilitation is sometimes needed to assist the person back to his or her usual level of functioning.There is a high frequency of seizures following a subdural hematoma, even after drainage, but these are usually well controlled with medication. Seizures may occur at the time the hematoma forms, or up to months or years afterward.ComplicationsBrain herniation (pressure on the brain severe enough to cause coma and death)Persistent symptoms such as memory loss, dizziness, headache, anxiety, and difficulty concentratingSeizuresTemporary or permanent weakness, numbness, difficulty speakingCalling your health care providerA subdural hematoma requires emergency medical attention. Call 911 or your local emergency number, or go immediately to an emergency room after a head injury.Spinal injuries often occur with head injuries, so try to keep the person's neck still if you must move him or her before help arrives.PreventionAlways use safety equipment at work and play to reduce your risk of a head injury. For example, use hard hats, bicycle or motorcycle helmets, and seat belts. Older individuals should be particularly careful to avoid falls.ReferencesHeegaard WG, Biros MH. Head. In: Marx JA, ed. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 6th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2006:chap 38.
Will the two small hematomas you have as a result of a face lift you had two weeks ago subside?
See your surgeon. While they should, it is best to consult your physician.
What are the cures for the plague?
The small number of cases of plague that occur today are treated with antibiotics.There was no cure for it the only treatment was for them to be quarentined so they could stop the spread.
What do you mean minimal subdural hemorrhage in left parietal region?
This means that there is a small amount of bleeding underneath the dura (outer meninges) in the left side of the brain
How is small pox treated?
it cant be treated. there is no cure at the moment
Chronic subdural hematoma?
DefinitionA chronic subdural hematoma is an "old" collection of blood and blood breakdown products between the surface of the brain and its outermost covering (the dura). The chronic phase of a subdural hematoma begins several weeks after the first bleeding.Alternative NamesSubdural hemorrhage - chronic; Subdural hematoma - chronic; Subdural hygromaCauses, incidence, and risk factorsA subdural hematoma develops when the tiny veins that run between the dura and surface of the brain (bridging veins) tear and leak blood. This is usually the result of a head injury.A collection of blood then forms over the surface of the brain. In a chronicsubdural collection, blood leaks from the veins slowly over time, or a fast hemorrhage is left to clear up on its own.A subdural hematoma is more common in the elderly because of normal brain shrinkage that occurs with aging. This shrinkage stretches and weakens the bridging veins. These veins are more likely to break in the elderly, even after a minor head injury. Rarely, a subdural hematoma can occur without known cause (i.e., not from an accident or injury).Risks include:Chronic heavy alcohol useChronic use of aspirin, anti-inflammatory drugs, such as ibuprofen, or blood thinning (anticoagulant) medicationDiseases associated with blood clotting problemsHead injuryOld ageSymptomsConfusion or comaDecreased memoryDifficulty speaking or swallowingDifficulty walkingHeadacheSeizuresWeakness or numbness of arms, legs, faceSigns and testsThe physical exam will include a full brain and nervous system (neurologic) work-up to test:BalanceCoordinationMental functionsSensationStrengthWalkingBecause the symptoms and signs are often subtle, if there is any suspicion of a hematoma, a head CT or head MRI will most likely be done to further evaluate the problem.TreatmentThe goal is to control symptoms and minimize or prevent permanent damage to the brain.Anticonvulsant medications, such as phenytoin, may be used to control or prevent seizures.Corticosteroid medications may be used to reduce any swelling of the brain.Surgery may be required. This may include drilling small holes in the skull to relieve pressure and allow blood and fluids to be drained. Large hematomas or solid blood clots may need to be removed through a larger opening in the skull (craniotomy).Expectations (prognosis)Chronic subdural hematomas usually do not heal on their own over time. They often require surgery, especially when there are neurologic problems, seizures, or chronic headaches.Some chronic subdural hematomas return after drainage, and a second surgery may be necessary.ComplicationsPermanent brain damagePersistent symptoms AnxietyDifficulty paying attentionDizzinessHeadacheMemory lossSeizuresCalling your health care providerBecause of the risk of permanent brain damage, call a health care provider promptly if you or someone else develops symptoms of chronic subdural hematoma.Take the person to the emergency room or call 911 if the person:Has convulsions/seizuresIsn't responsiveLoses consciousnessPreventionAvoid head injuries by using seat belts, bicycle and motorcycle helmets, and hard hats when appropriate.
How treat mioma if it small?
how small can be miona to be treated
What is a Haemotoma?
Haematoma is a discrete internal collection of blood which has leaked from damaged blood vessels. At some sites blood can seep away between layers of tissue, but where there are tighter compartments it remains a circumscribed mass which can cause problems by putting pressure on its surroundings. A small one, for example, appears under a fingernail which has been hit with a hammer. At the other extreme a life-threatening one can occur on the surface of the brain (subdural haematoma) following a head injury. Bruises are a type of haematoma.
