Managers can apply some statistical technique to virtually every branch of public and private enterprise. These techniques are commonly separated into two broad categories: descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Descriptive statistics are typically simple summary figures calculated from a set of observations. Suppose a professor computes an average grade for one accounting class. If the professor uses the statistic simply to describe the performance of that class, the result is a descriptive statistic of overall performance.
Inferential statistics are used to apply conclusions about one set of observations to reach a broader conclusion or an inference about something that has not been directly observed. In this case, a professor might use the average grade from a series of previous accounting classes to estimate, or infer, the average grade for future accounting classes. Any conclusion made about future accounting classes is based solely on the inferential statistics derived from previous accounting classes.
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Statistics as a science can be divided into two main classes, namely, statistical methods and applied statistics.
Statistics play an important role in economics. Economics largely depends upon statistics. National income accounts are multipurpose indicators for the economists and administrators. Statistical methods are used for preparation of these accounts. In economics research statistical methods are used for collecting and analysis the data and testing hypothesis. The relationship between supply and demands is studies by statistical methods, the imports and exports, the inflation rate, the per capita income are the problems which require good knowledge of statistics.
The methods used for the gathering and reporting crime statistics are gathering of police reports, surveys, and statistical reports. A person then needs to combine together any information, comparing statistics and other elements to create a complete and thorough report.
Statistical plays a central role in almost all natural and social sciences. The methods of natural sciences are most reliable but conclusions draw from them are only probable, because they are based on incomplete evidence. Statistical helps in describing these measurements more precisely. Statistics is branch of applied mathematics. The large number of statistical methods like probability averages, dispersions, estimation etc… is used in mathematics and different techniques of pure mathematics like integration, differentiation and algebra are used in statistics.
In electronics engineering the only statistical methods that reasonably can be applied are the descriptive methods and least square curve fitting ones. In all cases the inferential statistical methods should be avoided. Inferential methods try to retreive a theory from a data set. Correct science works the other way around.
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Statistics as a science can be divided into two main classes, namely, statistical methods and applied statistics.
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Inferential statistics
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