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Managers can apply some statistical technique to virtually every branch of public and private enterprise. These techniques are commonly separated into two broad categories: descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Descriptive statistics are typically simple summary figures calculated from a set of observations. Suppose a professor computes an average grade for one accounting class. If the professor uses the statistic simply to describe the performance of that class, the result is a descriptive statistic of overall performance.

Inferential statistics are used to apply conclusions about one set of observations to reach a broader conclusion or an inference about something that has not been directly observed. In this case, a professor might use the average grade from a series of previous accounting classes to estimate, or infer, the average grade for future accounting classes. Any conclusion made about future accounting classes is based solely on the inferential statistics derived from previous accounting classes.

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Q: How can manager use statistics and what benefits he can get from the statistical methods?
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