the surface area of the 8m (201 m^2) telescope is 1/4 that of the 16m (804 m^2) telescope A=(Pi)r^2
Double the diameter, increase the light-gathering power by 4x. It's a proportion by squares; triple the diameter, and you increase the light-gathering power by a factor of nine, or 3 squared.
4 times the surface area means 4 times the light-gathering power.
The telescopes' primary mirrors are 10 meters in diameter.
Each lens absorbs some light, making the telescope weaker. I suppose each lens could also introduce certain abberations.
The primary mirrors of each of the two telescopes are 10 meters (33 ft) in diameter. A human eye has a pupil less than 8mm in diameter. The area of a Keck mirror is about 1,6 million times larger than that of the human pupil. (The sensors used are more sensitive too able to detect single photons).
Plane mirrors don't form real images. Concave mirrors and convex lenses do. Without a real image, you have nothing to expose film to, nothing to project onto a screen, nothing to capture on a CCD or vidicon, and nothing to look at with an eyepiece.
All of those objects were discovered by telescope, so it's safe to say that telescopes were used from day one for each.
The telescopes' primary mirrors are 10 meters in diameter.
Nowadays, the bulk of the work astronomers do is on computers. They spend a small portion of their time at telescopes actually taking data. Astronomically-useful telescopes rarely have eyepieces you can look through. Radio, ultraviolet, or infrared telescopes collect light that you can't even see with your eye! Telescopes that collect visible light often have electronic cameras called CCD cameras that create an image in a computer. Many telescopes are used to create a spectrum (the light is split into a rainbow, and the brightness of each color is measured). Radio telescopes record signals that astronomers can reconstruct using a computer to make an image or a spectrum.
Each lens absorbs some light, making the telescope weaker. I suppose each lens could also introduce certain abberations.
Radio telescopes allow us to see things that can't be seen in visible light. And vice versa, optical telescopes can show things that are not visible in radio telescopes. So, the information from both kinds of telescopes really complements each other.
The primary mirrors of each of the two telescopes are 10 meters (33 ft) in diameter. A human eye has a pupil less than 8mm in diameter. The area of a Keck mirror is about 1,6 million times larger than that of the human pupil. (The sensors used are more sensitive too able to detect single photons).
answ2. Telescopes come in two flavours, reflecting and refracting.Reflecting telescopes rely on the light first meeting a mirrored reflector which may be of large area, then passes through various focusing lenses.Refracting telescopes have the light passing through a lens, before meeting the focusing lenses etc.Now, there is a loss of light each time the light passes into or out of a glass, even ignoring imperfections of the surface. And more when that is considered.And it is more than doubly difficult to make a large lens than a large mirror.And since astronomy is mainly limited by the light-gathering power, this is vital to astronomers.A1. Nothing. Any device to see the light of distant stars or other objects would still be called a telescope.
Plane mirrors don't form real images. Concave mirrors and convex lenses do. Without a real image, you have nothing to expose film to, nothing to project onto a screen, nothing to capture on a CCD or vidicon, and nothing to look at with an eyepiece.
Scientists can use spectroscopes to gather information because the light from the stars that passes through has a certain color. Each element on the Periodic Table has a specific color. This way, scientist can figure out of which gases the star consists of.
All of those objects were discovered by telescope, so it's safe to say that telescopes were used from day one for each.
If you are comparing the biggest telescopes in each type, that's because a large refracting telescope needs a huge lens, which gets expensive; also, the lens can't be supported, while a mirror can.
reproduction
They don't. All earth bound telescopes, optical or not, must deal with a number of issues. But what do you mean by "better"? A radio telescope is better suited to pick up radio waves than an optical telescope, but an optical telescope is better for visible light. They each serve their purpose better than the other.