Why are lines of latitude and lines of longitude perpendicular?
Lines of latitude and longitude are perpendicular because they represent different angles to the reference point of the Earth's center. Lines of latitude are parallel to the equator and represent distances north or south from it, while lines of longitude converge at the poles and represent distances east or west from the Prime Meridian. Their perpendicular relationship helps to pinpoint specific locations on the Earth's surface using a coordinate system.