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When we use a z-test, we know the population mean and standard deviation. When we use a t-test, we do not know the population standard deviation and thus must estimate this using the sample data that we have collected. If you look at your z-table and t-table, tcrit for df(infinity) = zcrit because at df(infinity) we would have an entire population and no longer need an estimate.

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Q: How does the formula for the t test differ from the formula for the z test?
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