In the standard derivation of pendulum characteristics, at least through high school
and undergraduate Physics, an approximation is always made that assumes a small
angular displacement.
With that assumption, the angular displacement doesn't appear in the formula for
the period, i.e. the period depends on the pendulum's effective length, and is
independent of the angular displacement.
The length of the pendulum is measured from the pendulum's point of suspension to the center of mass of its bob. Its amplitude is the string's angular displacement from its vertical or its equilibrium position.
For small swings, and a simple pendulum:T = 2 pi root(L/g) where T is the time for one period, L is the length of the pendulum, and g is the strength of the gravitational field.
The period of a simple pendulum is given by the formulaT = 2*pi*sqrt(L/g)where T = periodL = lengthand g = local acceleration due to gravity.Note that this formula is applicable only when the angular displacement of the pendulum is small. For a displacement of 22.5 degrees (a quarter of a right angle), the true period is approx 1% longer : a clock will lose more than 1/2 a minute every hour!
Actually, the period of a pendulum does depend slightly on the amplitude. But at low amplitudes, it almost doesn't depend on the amplitude at all. This is related to the fact that in such a case, the restoring force - the force that pulls the pendulum back to its center position - is proportional to the displacement. That is, if the pendulum moves away further, the restoring force will also be greater.
A longer pendulum has a longer period.
According to the mathematics and physics of the simple pendulum hung on a massless string, neither the mass of the bob nor the angular displacement at the limits of its swing has any influence on the pendulum's period.
The physical parameters of a simple pendulum include (1) the length of the pendulum, (2) the mass of the pendulum bob, (3) the angular displacement through which the pendulum swings, and (4) the period of the pendulum (the time it takes for the pendulum to swing through one complete oscillation).
The length of the pendulum is measured from the pendulum's point of suspension to the center of mass of its bob. Its amplitude is the string's angular displacement from its vertical or its equilibrium position.
(a) directly with its square root.(b) not at all if it can be considered as a point mass which is significantly greater than the "string". Otherwise corrections are necessary. (c) not if the angle is small. Otherwise corrections are necessary.
The period is directly proportional to the square root of the length.
For small swings, and a simple pendulum:T = 2 pi root(L/g) where T is the time for one period, L is the length of the pendulum, and g is the strength of the gravitational field.
The period of a simple pendulum is given by the formulaT = 2*pi*sqrt(L/g)where T = periodL = lengthand g = local acceleration due to gravity.Note that this formula is applicable only when the angular displacement of the pendulum is small. For a displacement of 22.5 degrees (a quarter of a right angle), the true period is approx 1% longer : a clock will lose more than 1/2 a minute every hour!
(a) directly with its square root.(b) not at all if it can be considered as a point mass which is significantly greater than the "string". Otherwise corrections are necessary. (c) not if the angle is small. Otherwise corrections are necessary.
The popular formula for the period of a pendulum works only for small angular displacements. In deriving it, you need to assume that theta, the angular displacement from the vertical, measured in radians, is equal to sin(theta). If not, you need to make much more complicated calculations. There are also other assumptions to simplify the formula - eg string is weightless. The swing of the pendulum will precess with the rotation of the earth. This may not work if the pendulum hits its stand! See Foucault's Pendulum (see link). The motion of the pendulum will die out as a result of air resistance. Thermal expansion can change the length of the pendulum and so its period.
With a simple pendulum, provided the angular displacement is less than pi/8 radians (22.5 degrees) it will be a straight line, through the origin, with a slope of 2*pi/sqrt(g) where g is the acceleration due to gravity ( = 9.8 mtres/sec^2, approx). For larger angular displacements the approximations used in the derivation of the formula no longer work and the error is over 1%.
If you're thinking about a pendulum but not mentioning it, then no, it doesn't
The time period of a simple pendulum is calculated using the following conditions: Length of the pendulum: The longer the length of the pendulum, the longer it takes for one complete back-and-forth swing. Acceleration due to gravity: The time period is inversely proportional to the square root of the acceleration due to gravity. Higher gravity results in a shorter time period. Angle of displacement: The time period is slightly affected by the initial angle of displacement, but this effect becomes negligible for small angles.