Convert to the same units and the difference can be found:
1 cm = 10 mm
→ 2 cm = 2 × 10 mm = 20 mm
→ 2 cm - 18 mm = 20mm - 18 mm = 2mm
2 cm is 2 mm longer than 18 mm
Alternatively, as 10 mm = 1 cm, 2 mm = 2 ÷ 10 cm = 0.2 cm, it can be expressed as 2 cm is 0.2 cm longer than 18 mm.
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