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The modern way of expressing 49 into Roman numerals is now XLIX but the ancient Romans would have probably worked out the equivalent of 49 on an abacus counting frame as XXXXVIIII and then wrote it out as IL thus expediently working out the required calculations as follows:-

LII+IL = CI => 52+(50-1) = 101

LII-IL = III => 52-(50-1) = 3

Note that in mathematics -(50-1) becomes -50+1 and that if we were to use the longer version of 49 in the above calculations the results would be exactly the same.

QED

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Q: How would you correctly calculate 52 plus 49 and 52 minus 49 but working out both calculations entirely in Roman numerals with explanations?
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How would you actually add together 1666 and 1999 in two different ways entirely in Roman numerals throughout both calculations with explanations?

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