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First you need a labeled picture.

>o<

| .

| .

| .

18 ft | .

| 6 ft ^ .

| | .

-------------- *****

15 ft x

In this picture the " . . ." line represents the light as it goes down from the lamp to the tree. The **** line represents the shadow of the tree.

Inside this picture there are two right triangles: a big one and a small one. The big one has 18 ft as its up-and-down side and 15 + x as is right-to-left side. The little one has the tree (6 ft) as its up-and-down side and the tree's shadow (which has length 'x') as its right-to-left side.

As you can see the little triangle is INSIDE the big triangle. These two triangles are SIMILAR because although they are different sizes, their angles are the same. (For example, the street lamp meets the ground at 90 degrees, and the tree also meets the ground at 90 degrees).

Because the triangles are similar we know the ratios of their sides must be equal:

BIG triangle LITTLE triangle

up-and-down 18 6

------- = -------

right-to-left 15+x x

Cross multiply 18x = 6(15 + x)

18x = 90 + 6x

12x = 90

x = 90/12 = 7.5 ft

Therefore, the shadow must be 7.5 ft long.

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Q: If a 6 foot tree is planted 15 feet from a lighted streetlight whose lamp is 18 feet above the ground how many feet long is the shadow of that tree?
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