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In a small population of Brazilian natives the frequency of gene p responsible for this disease is 0.3. What must be the frequency of people who are heterozygous for this disease ( p plus q 1 p2 plus?
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What is the amount of variation in genetic material of all members in a population called?
Allele frequency.
What is frequancy in statistical data?
The number of times a variate is observed in a population is the frequency of that variate. For example if plant length is under observation and in a population of plants having one meter length is measured 15 ; the frequency of 1 m tall plants will be 15.
What are the benefits of cumulative frequency?
It shows what proportion of the total population are less than (or equal to) each value.
What is the ratio of a frequency to its total frequency?
The ration of a frequency to its total frequency is called relative frequency.
What is frequency meter?
frequency meter is used to measure the frequency of unknown frequency signal.
In a hardy-weinberg population with two alleles A and a that are in equilibrium the frequency of allele a is 0.1 what is the percentage of the population that is heterozygous for this alle?
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The Hardy-Weinberg principle is written as the equation p2 2pq q2 1. What does p represent?
The frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype.
What does 2pq represent in hardy weinbergs equation?
the frequency of the heterozygous dominant genotype
How would selection against heterozygous individuals over many generations affect the frequencies of homozygous individuals?
If heterozygous individuals are not favored, then the frequency of heterozygous individuals will decrease as the frequency of homozygous individuals increase. This can be shown using the Hardy-Weinberg equation for allele frequencies in a population: p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1 where q2 & p2 are the frequencies of the two different homozygous individuals (eg. aa and AA) and 2pq is heterzygous (eg. Aa). As the equation shows, if 2pq decreases, the other two variables must increase to compensate.
The Hardy-Weinberg formula and what each of the terms mean?
formula: p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1 p+q=1 p = dominant (A) allele frequency q = recessive (a) allele frequency q2 = homozygous recessive frequency p2 = homozygous dominant frequency 2pq = heterozygous frequency
How can immigration and emigration alter allele frequencies in a population?
Let us say you have three alleles in a population of beetles. Two colors; brown is recessive to green. Thus you have; GG, which is homozygous dominant and green, you have Gb, which is heterozygous and also green. Then you have bb, which is homozygous recessive. This is your population of beetles. What do you think the allele frequency would be if GG, the homozygous dominant, either immigrated, or emigrated out of or into your population of beetles? Since the frequency of Gb and bb would necessarily go down statistically you would see more green morphologies and a change in genetic allele frequency. Assuming normal conditions.
What does 2pq represent in the equation?
the frequently of the heterozygous dominant genotype
What property of soundwaves is responsible for pitch?
That would be frequency.
What effect does a bottleneck have on the allele frequency of a population?
It greatly reduces the total population, which increases the effects of genetic drift on allele frequency.
What causes a frequency in a population to change after each generation?
Gene mutation causes the phenotype frequency in a population to change after each generation.
What was primarily acting to change the frequency of the sickle-cell allele in the overall U.S. population?
The absence of the selection pressure malaria. Without selection, in the form of the malarial environment, the sickle cell allele will be lost in the overall US population. Even the heterozygous condition is somewhat deleterious and, statistically without malarial selection pressure the allele will be selected out.
How do you determine genotypic and phenotypic frequencies?
Frequency refers to how many copies of a gene are present in an entire population. Frequency is calculated using the Hardy-Weinberg Principle and can be back calculated if the number of homozygous recessive individuals in a population is known. Keep in mind that the frequency includes the number of alleles present in heterozygous individuals as well as in the homozygotes. p (dominant alleles)+ q (recessive alleles) = 1 p squared + 2pq (heterozygotes) + q squared = 1 If 25% of the population is recessive that means that q squared=.25 and q=.5 This also makes p=.5 This represents the mendelian ideal of 25% homozygous dominant, 50% heterozygous and 25% homozygous recessive. Populations rarely have frequencies that match the "ideal" with large percentages of traits with q or p frequencies at close to .99 when the other allele is quite rare.
