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No, it never can equal one third of the lateral surface area:

If the base of the cylinder and cone has radius r, and the height of the cone and cylinder has height h, then:

Lateral surface area of a cone = πr√(r2+h2)

Lateral surface area of a cylinder = 2πrh

The lateral surface area of a cone equals one third the lateral surface area of a cone when:

πr√(r2+h2) = 1/3 x 2πrh

⇒ √(r2+h2) = 2/3h

⇒ r2+h2 = 4/9h2

⇒ r2 = -5/9h2

But a square number can never be negative, so this is impossible.

However, the volume of a cone is one third the volume of the cylinder with the same radius r and height h:

Volume cone = 1/3πr2h

Volume cylinder = πr2h

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