It is postulated, apparently. The link will take you deeper than you meant to go.
Any arithmetic process would work provided it is applied the same way in the forward and reverse process. Modulo 2 is easy to implement in hardware.
binary numbers can be converted into numbers of any base system. Also, eight digit binary numbers can be translated into text characters. There are several translators online. See related link.
Any pair of numbers will always form an arithmetic sequence.
Any Muslim has the Quran (or Koran) as his holy book that reflects real God words revelation to Prophet (PBUH).
The Arithmetic Logic Unit as suggested by the name carries out the arithmetic calculations of the computer.
No answer as of yet, if any!
C-source program doesn't rum, you have to compile and link it. The executable rums like any other binary program.
In APA format, citations for the Koran should include the name of the text in italics, followed by the chapter and verse number. For example, (Koran 2:255). A full citation should include details such as the translation used and the publication date of that translation.
The 'bc' command is a simple binary calculator (hence the name bc). It can do simple math and uses arbitrary precision arithmetic. You can designate the scaling, precision, and other values to use in math calculations. Arbitrary precision arithmetic allows you to exceed the hardware precision of the system you are on, by scaling to any number of significant digits that you may require.
If you mean arithmetic, then the math is the same as any other era. Victorian arithmetic is no different.
To convert a forest into a binary tree, you can take each tree in the forest and treat it as a separate subtree of a new binary tree. For each tree, designate the first child as the left child of the binary tree node and link any subsequent siblings as right children. This way, each node in the original trees maintains its relationships while fitting into the binary structure. The process ensures that all original trees are represented in a single binary tree format.
Binary stars can be any color that stars can be. There's no need for the two stars in a binary to be the same color.