Interneurons
In a three-neuron loop, the first neuron sends a signal to the second neuron via a synapse. The second neuron processes the signal and sends it to the third neuron through another synapse. Finally, the third neuron integrates the signal and produces a response or transmits it further in the neural network.
The principal neuron serves as the main communication hub in the neural circuitry of the brain, transmitting electrical signals to other neurons and coordinating the flow of information throughout the brain.
The synapse. See my answer for What_type_of_signal_is_taking_place_during_neuron_to_neuron_communication
The Inter-neuron (also known as the local circuit neuron, relay neuron or the association neuron) is the neuron which connects the afferent and the efferent neurons in the neural pathways.
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Resting potential.
Resting potential
The state of a neuron when it is not firing a neural impulse is called the resting potential. This is when the neuron is negatively charged inside compared to outside, waiting for a stimulus to change its electrical charge and initiate an action potential.
neuron
Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that transmit signals and information from the presynaptic neuron to the postsynaptic neuron at the synapse. They bind to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron, leading to changes in its membrane potential and triggering a new signal to be passed along the neural pathway. Some common neurotransmitters include acetylcholine, dopamine, serotonin, and glutamate.
The neural pathway of a single reflex is called a reflex arc. It involves the sensory neuron carrying information from the receptor to the spinal cord, where it synapses with a motor neuron that carries the response signal to the effector muscle or organ. This simple pathway allows for rapid, involuntary responses to stimuli.
A relay neurone passes impulses from a sensory neurone to a motor neurone.