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What are Sigma and pi bonds?

Updated: 10/26/2022
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15y ago

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sigma bonds and pi bonds are both covalent bonds...

sigma bond is present in all uni-covalently bonded atoms/molecules...

for double covalent bonds, there will be first one sigma bond and one pi bond..similarly for triple covalent bonds, one sigma bond and the rest two pi bonds.

REMEMBER, pi bonds are weaker than sigma bonds, hence all triple bonds and double bonded atoms/molecule can react quite easily with other chemicals since the pi bond(s) can be easily broken

(Hope that answered your question)

Shawkat

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15y ago
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13y ago

A sigma bond is a chemical bond which results from the end-on sideways overlap of two atomic orbitals to form a molecular orbital. Sigma bonds are formed by 'spin pairing electrons in any neighbouring atomic orbitals with cylindrical symmetry about the relevant internuclear axis' (Shriver and Atkins "Inorganic Chemistry").

Pi bonding occurs when there is overlap of 2 p-orbitals (although note that it is also possible for d orbitals to bond in this way). In essence pi bonding will occur whenever two lobes of one electron orbital overlap with two lobes of another electron orbital. There are two areas of overlap in a pi bond - one is above, the other is below the plane of the axis.

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Q: What are Sigma and pi bonds?
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