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I am currently a freshman in college and we just went over this topic in my critical thinking class. This is everything we went over:
Types of Errors in Thinking
Errors of Perception:
- Mine is better thinking - this often occurs in matters that are important to us such as our race, religion, ethnic group, social class, political party, or philosophy of life. We value kinship with those who are similar.
- Selective perception - attending to those points/ arguments with which you agree.
- Gullibility and skepticism - the error of believing everything or doubting everything.
- Bias toward the majority or the minority - following our affections, identifying with the majority or with the underdog.
- Pretending to know - believing what we have pretended.
- Bias for or against change - conservatives have never met a new idea that they liked and liberals have never met a new idea that they didn't like.
- Either/or thinking - taking only extreme positions on an issue when other positions are possible.
Errors of Judgement:
- Double standard - using one standard of judgment for our own ideas and another for those of others.
- Irrelevant criterion - not defining appropriate criteria for an action.
- Overgeneralizing or stereotyping - generalizations need a reasonable number of subjects to be acceptable.
- Hasty conclusions - drawn without enough evidence.
- Unwarranted assumptions - ideas taken for granted without appropriate basis.
- Failure to make a distinction - subtle differences may make a large difference in evaluation a situation or idea.
- Oversimplification - omits essential information and ignores complexity.
- Errors of Reaction:
- Explaining away - discrediting contrary opinions without consideration.
- Shifting the burden of proof - demanding to have contrary proof provided rather than offering support for one's own opinion.
- Attacking the person - bringing in unconnected allegations to cover own weakness in argument.
- Straw man - pretending someone has said something that she has not and then denouncing her for saying it. Twisting words to imply what is not meant.
Errors can Multiply
The desire to be knowledgeable may lead to the pretense of knowledge which results in errors of perception which pave the way for errors of judgment. These may force us to commit errors of reaction to save face.
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What are the Three sources of errors in person perception how clinicians can minimize the affects of these errors?
please give me the answer of sources of error in person perception
Errors in perception?
Errors in perception prevent managers from framing the right problem. With the wrong problem framed, the wrong solutions are solved.
Is perception a discreet or continuous variable?
It would depend what aspect of perception you are measuring and how you are measuring it.
What are the three points -of- view?
There are three main points of view in literature:First Person: told as "I did," "I said," I saw" etc., from the viewpoint of the main characterSecond Person: told as "you did," you said," "you saw" etc., from the viewpoint of the readerThird Person: told as "he or she did," "he or she said" etc., from the viewpoint of an observer or onlookerThe most commonly used viewpoints are First Person and Third Person.First Person, Second Person, Third Person or First Person, Third Person, Omniscient.
Does media shape your perception of what is right?
Often.
What are the Three sources of errors in person perception how clinicians can minimize the affects of these errors?
please give me the answer of sources of error in person perception
What is the Difference between object perception and person perception?
differences between object perception and person perception
Errors in perception?
Errors in perception prevent managers from framing the right problem. With the wrong problem framed, the wrong solutions are solved.
Why is perception a complex process?
Perception is a complex process because it can be far different from reality. It can also vary from person to person. As individuals, each person's perception can be different.
The main difference between sensation and perception?
Sensation is how you take in info, perception is how you make sense of it
What has the author Albert H Hastorf written?
Albert H. Hastorf has written: 'Person Perception (Topics in Social Psychology)' 'Person perception' -- subject(s): Social perception
Is perception important in learning?
Perception is extremely important in learning. Perception is just another word for a person's level of understanding. If a person is not correctly perceiving the content, then they are not really learning.
What is direct perception checking?
Direct perception checking is the process of finding out if your perception is correct. This can be done by explaining what your perception of something is to someone and having that person confirm or deny it.
What is the main problem in intersecting lines?
side of perception
What physical stimuli that consistently produce errors in perception?
Visual Illusions
Is the perception vary from person to person true or false?
True. Perception can vary from person to person based on individual experiences, beliefs, values, and perspectives. This means that two people can perceive the same situation differently.
Describe how cognitive processes can influence perception?
Cognitive processes, such as attention, memory, and expectations, can influence perception by shaping how we interpret and make sense of sensory information. For example, selective attention directs our focus to certain aspects of our environment, while memory stores past experiences that can affect how we perceive similar stimuli in the future. Additionally, our expectations and beliefs can influence our interpretation of ambiguous or unfamiliar stimuli.
