cat5, cat6, utp, stp cables etc.
If by Star you mean a Star Topology, it is a network cabling scheme in which all nodes are individually connected to a central hub.
Bus topology, as compared to a star topology costs less because less cabling is required to connect multiple devices together.
It's astonishingly rare to find anything other than a star topology nowadays. Thinnet and even thicknet managed to hold out in specialized usages until maybe 2000, but ever since then UTP cabling and the star topology has become ubiquitous.
The topology that is chosen depends on a number of factors, including:cost/budgetlength of the networkscalability and future expansion plansInfrastructure and current cabling requirementsProtocols used
Star topology.
Star Topology
The most common LAN topology is that of a "star." In a star topology, each computer, or "node", is connected to a central hub. This is more reliable than a more classical "ring" topology, because a node failing will not bring down the entire network. A bus topology is arguably more reliable, but has poorer performance.
Star topology is very common; chances are any company you can think of (big or small) is using a star in their LANs somewhere within the company.
The "star" topology is the most common.
Star topology
Star topology is one of the oldest topology
Star Topology, where Hubs can act as repeaters.