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Normal faults are when you have hanging walls that slide down relative to and below the footwall. Dip-slip faults are normal faults.
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What are the 3 different types of rock movement in earthquakes?
The three different types of rock movement in earthquakes are normal (extensional) faulting, reverse (compressional) faulting, and strike-slip (lateral) faulting. Normal faulting occurs when rocks are pulled apart, reverse faulting involves rocks being pushed together, and strike-slip faulting involves horizontal movement along a fault line.
What can up and down faulting also be called?
Up and down faulting can also be called normal faulting or graben faulting, depending on the specific geological context. These terms refer to the movement of rock blocks along faults, where one block moves downward relative to the other.
What are the 2 types of faultung?
The two main types of faulting are normal faulting, where the hanging wall moves down relative to the footwall, and reverse faulting, where the hanging wall moves up relative to the footwall.
What type of fault produces horst and graben topography?
A normal fault produces horst and graben topography. In this type of faulting, the hanging wall moves down relative to the footwall, resulting in block faulting where a horst (uplifted block) is adjacent to a graben (down-dropped block).
What is likely to form as a result of normal and reverse faulting over a wide area and long time period?
Over a wide area and extended time period, normal and reverse faulting can lead to the formation of significant geological features such as mountain ranges and rift valleys. Normal faulting typically results in the extension of the Earth's crust, creating rift valleys, while reverse faulting, associated with compressional forces, can uplift the crust to form mountains. The interplay of these processes contributes to the dynamic landscape and geological complexity of tectonically active regions.
What type of faulting results from expansive stresses?
Normal faulting results from expansive stresses, where the hanging wall moves down relative to the footwall due to tensional forces pulling the plates apart. This type of faulting is common at divergent plate boundaries where new crust is being formed.
The basin and range province in the western us is a result of what faulting?
The Basin and Range province in the western US is a result of extensional faulting. This type of faulting occurs when the Earth's crust is being stretched, causing blocks of the crust to drop down in a series of mountain ranges and valleys.
What type of faulting takes place at ocean ridges?
Normal faulting takes place at ocean ridges, where tectonic plates are moving apart. As the plates separate, tensional forces cause the crust to stretch and thin, leading to the formation of long, parallel normal faults that create the characteristic topography of mid-ocean ridges.
What are three types of movements that occur along faults?
Normal faulting, where the hanging wall moves downward relative to the footwall. Reverse faulting, where the hanging wall moves upward relative to the footwall. Strike-slip faulting, where horizontal movement occurs parallel to the fault plane.
Which of the three types of plate boundaries does normal faulting predominante?
Normal faulting predominantly occurs at divergent plate boundaries. At these boundaries, tectonic plates move apart, causing the hanging wall to drop relative to the footwall. This results in the extension of the Earth's crust, which is characteristic of normal faults. Such faults are commonly found at mid-ocean ridges and continental rift zones.
What type of faulting characterizes mid-ocean ridges and why?
The type of faulting that characterizes mid-ocean ridges is a transform fault. This type of faulting occurs because transform fault ridges stay in the same fixed location, thus the new ocean sea floor being created at the ridges is pushed away from the ridge.
Rifting and normal faulting are characteristic of what type of plate boundary?
Rifting and normal faulting are characteristic of divergent plate boundaries, where tectonic plates are moving apart from each other. This process creates new crust as magma rises to the surface and solidifies, leading to the formation of mid-ocean ridges on the seafloor.
