There is no special name.
Ask your mom
That is called a parallelogram. Parallelogram includes squares, rectangles, and rhomboids.
It is called a square.
A quadrilateral with opposite sides parallel and opposite sides congruent is called a parallelogram. In a parallelogram, both pairs of opposite sides are equal in length and run parallel to each other. Common examples of parallelograms include rectangles, rhombuses, and squares, which have additional properties.
It is a square
A square or a rhombus
Not necessarily. They can, but don't have to. A quadrilateral which does have congruent sides is called a rhombus.
Square.
A rectangle.
a rectangle
The figure would be a prism. However, congruent polygons in parallel planes are called bases.
A four-sided shape is a quadrilateral. With only one pair of parallel sides, it would be called a trapezoid (UK trapezium).