Meridian lines are halves of imaginary circles joining two diametrically opposite points on a sphere. For the earth the points are the geographical North and South poles.
Parallel lines (parallels of latitudes) are a set of imaginary lines that are parallel to the equator - which is the line of points that are equidistant from the poles.
These two sets of lines act as a set of coordinates for the surface of the earth.
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