As I read the book, the 1894 should be able to handle either of these cartridges. I'd have a good gunsmith check it over to see if there is something worn in the ejector mechanism. Sometimes a particular rifle just doesn't like certain brands of ammunition, so you might want to try a box made by a different manufacturer.
No, you cannot. The .38 Special can be fired out of .357 Magnum revolver (but not automatics or lever action rifles), however.
No. 357 SIG and 357 Magnum are two very different cartridges. You can use .38 Special in a .357 magnum gun, but not 357 SIG Adding to the above, the compatibility of .38 Special and .357 Magnum applies only to revolvers. You cannot cycle .38 Special in a magazine fed .357 Magnum lever action or semi automatic.
Yes, it is heavier and longer
Yes. The 44 magnum can fire 44 special ammo in the same way a .357 magnum can use .38 Special.
A .357 Magnum revolver can, as it uses cylinders and does not require headspacing between a cartridge and a chamber. Semi automatic, lever action, etc. .357 Magnum firearms which use a headspaced chamber cannot, however.
No. A .357 Magnum revolver (not an automatic, lever action, or anything else with a headspaced chamber) can fire .38 S&W Special ammo, but not .38 Long Colt.
Short
Yes. They are the same diameter, the .38 Special has a shorter case. The .357 is much more powerful than the hottest .38 Special. There are very rare .357 automatic pistols (such as the coonan) that will not cycle with .38 Special. There are also lever action rifles chambered in .357 Magnum. You should not attempt to cycle .38 Special cartridges through these, either.
This should be a Browning Auto-5 Magnum. It was made in 1967 and should have Magnum engraved on the left side of the receiver.
No. The 44 Magnum cartridge is too long to fit a .44 Special firearm- and it is loaded much hotter than the .44 Special- unsafe to attempt. .44 Special CAN be safely fired from a .44 Magnum firearm, but not vice versa.
The Desert Eagle is a pistol, and some of the cartridges it is available in are marketed as Magnum cartridges, including the .357 Magnum, .41 Magnum, and .44 Magnum. The .50 Action Express is not, however, billed as a Magnum cartridge.
Where will be marked on the barrel or receiver. When is 1977.