A simple pendulum exhibits simple harmonic motion
Examples of pendulum motion include a grandfather clock pendulum swinging back and forth, a playground swing moving back and forth, and a metronome ticking back and forth.
The main forces at play in a pendulum swing are gravity and tension. Gravity pulls the pendulum bob downward while tension in the string keeps it swinging back and forth. The motion of the pendulum is an example of simple harmonic motion, where the pendulum swings back and forth with a constant period.
The factors affecting the motion of a simple pendulum include the length of the pendulum, the mass of the pendulum bob, and the gravitational acceleration at the location where the pendulum is situated. The amplitude of the swing and any damping forces present also affect the motion of the pendulum.
The damped pendulum equation is derived from Newton's second law of motion and includes a damping term to account for the effects of air resistance or friction on the pendulum's motion. This equation describes how the pendulum's oscillations gradually decrease in amplitude over time due to the damping effects, resulting in a slower and smoother motion compared to an undamped pendulum.
Simple harmonic motion
A pendulum exhibits simple harmonic motion, which is a type of periodic motion where the restoring force is directly proportional to the displacement from equilibrium. This causes the pendulum to oscillate back and forth in a regular pattern.
Motion of pendulum.
The centripetal force in a pendulum is responsible for keeping the pendulum swinging in a circular motion. It acts towards the center of the circular path, allowing the pendulum to continuously swing back and forth.
The motion of a simple pendulum will be simple harmonic when the angle of displacement from the vertical is small (less than 10 degrees) and the amplitude is also small.
The kinetic energy is demonstrated by the motion of a pendulum swinging back and forth. As the pendulum moves, it converts potential energy (from its raised position) into kinetic energy (from its motion).
The force that causes the periodic motion of a pendulum is gravity. When the pendulum is displaced from its resting position, gravity acts as a restoring force that pulls it back towards equilibrium, resulting in the swinging motion.