Look on the box or bag that the wire nuts came in, there you will find all of the combinations of wire sizes that can be connected together under one nut.
Size 12 in the American Wire Guage (AWG). It's a wire of about 1/10 inch diameter.
Under most circumstances such a wire in a home it is 20.
A #14 wire will do fine for grounding a 20 amp device. That is the size of the ground wire in a 2 conductor # 12 wire building cable.
Depends on the wire size used in the circuit. If you use AWG # 14 wire you must use a 15 amp breaker. If it is wired with AWG # 12 wire then you use a 20 amp breaker. If a AWG # 10 wire is used then a 30 amp breaker is required. The breaker protects the wiring from overheating so you must use the proper size breaker for the wire used.
I think you mean either what is the correct size or minimum wire size needed when a branch circuit is protected by a 20 A breaker. The size is 12 American Wire gauge (AWG). 14 AWG is used for 15 A circuit and 10 AWG for a 30 A breaker. The lower the gauge the larger the cross-section of the wire.
Sure. Just cap it off with a wire nut.
Wire sizing is based on the amperage of the connected load. The wire size number 12 is rated at 20 amps.
Both 12-2 and 14-2 wire have 2 wires in a single cord. Neither contains a ground wire. Size 12 wire is a larger wire than size 14 wire. Size 12 wire can carry more amperage without getting hot and burning up. They would not be used for house wiring or machinery since they do not have a ground wire.
Almost any size wire will handle the 4.2 amps. BUT...as with any wiring, you must look at the over current device to determine the proper size. You need to determine which fuse in the fuse panel protects that circuit and use a wire that is appropriate for that size fuse.
24 meters
12
Size 12 in the American Wire Guage (AWG). It's a wire of about 1/10 inch diameter.
12 point 32 mm
12
The minimum size wire that engineers spec for industrial and commercial installations is #12 and it usually is stranded not solid wire.
Use 8 gauge wire.
Under most circumstances such a wire in a home it is 20.