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Carsonella ruddii, an endosymbiotic bacteria that lives in plant lice, has a genome of only 159,662 base pairs, with just 182 genes, the smallest known. However, Carsonella ruddiicannot live on its own, and like a virus, depends on the host to survive. Previously, a thermophile that lives around underwater hot springs, Nanoarchaeum equitans, was thought to be the simplest organism, with a genome 490,885 base pairs long and a size of 400 nanometers.

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15y ago

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