A variable does not usually "cause" another. A change in one variable may result in a change in another. Such a change may be systematic (the relationship between the two variables is precise) or it may be statistical or correlational.
The reasons for either type will often depend on disciplines of knowledge other than mathematics, such as physics or economics etc.
Use the definition of a function. If, for any value of one variable, there is only a single possible value of the second variable, then the second variable is a function of the first variable. The second variable is often called the "dependent variable". If you can solve an equation explicitly for the dependent variable, then it is a function. If you can NOT solve it for a variable, it may or may not be a function - it turns out that some equations are hard or impossible to solve explicitly for one of the variables.
If changes in one variable do not affect the outcome of another variable, then the second variable is independent. A variable that is not independent is dependent.
Solving for one variable makes it easy to put in a value for the other variables, and find a value for the first variable.
causation
The experiment shows exactly what your title says!
Each bar displays the value of one variable for one value of a second variable. The second may be a qualitative variable or a quantitative one.
The rate of change indicates the change in one variable per unit change in a second variable at (or around) that level for the second variable.
In an experiment, your control variable will not be caused to vary by the experiment. Think of 'cause and effect'. The independent variable is the cause, the result is the effect, and the dependent variable is the one that you leave to be changed by the experiment.
The difference between a fixed second mortgage and one with a variable rate is that fixed second mortgage has a fixed rate and is commonly thought of as safer than a mortgage with a variable rate.
causation
Basically the fact that some variable is squared - or that one variable is multiplied with another variable.
Use the definition of a function. If, for any value of one variable, there is only a single possible value of the second variable, then the second variable is a function of the first variable. The second variable is often called the "dependent variable". If you can solve an equation explicitly for the dependent variable, then it is a function. If you can NOT solve it for a variable, it may or may not be a function - it turns out that some equations are hard or impossible to solve explicitly for one of the variables.
causation
If changes in one variable do not affect the outcome of another variable, then the second variable is independent. A variable that is not independent is dependent.
In an experiment, your control variable will not be caused to vary by the experiment. Think of 'cause and effect'. The independent variable is the cause, the result is the effect, and the dependent variable is the one that you leave to be changed by the experiment.
causation
causation