A ruler.
Metres or centimetres.
A Scale.
a ruler
cm
Millimeters.
no
The answer depends on what characteristic you wish to measure: its mass, length, volume etc.
manometer
A dynamometer or "dyno".
A graduated cylinder would be the most appropriate piece of equipment to accurately measure 85 mL of water. It has precise markings that allow for accurate measurement of liquid volumes.
It depends on whether it is a 15 yard x 15 yard carpet of a 15 inch x 15 inch piece (eg carpet tile), or in metric units, or some non-standard measure.
As square inches are a measure of area, you can measure any area you like in square inches. However, depending upon the size of the area: square feet may be more appropriate for the size of a room square yards may be more appropriate for a small piece of land acres may be more appropriate for a larger piece of land square miles may be more appropriate for a very large piece of land.