Another cylinder
Dome
A rectangular prism or a cuboid.
If you cut a rectangle in half you wouldn't get a solid figure at all, since a rectangle is a plane figure. If you made a straight line cut you would get either a triangle or a quadrilateral of some variety depending on exactly how the cut was made.
If you speak of half of 100 in number would be 50. If you talk about the figure, half of this would be zero.
Check out "horizontal cylindric segment" in Wolfram Alpha Online. That is the correct term for the solid you are looking for. Wolfram Alpha - "The solid cut from a horizontal cylinder of length L and radius R by a single plane oriented parallel to the cylinder's axis of symmetry (i.e., a portion of a horizontal cylindrical tank which is partially filled with fluid) is called a horizontal cylindrical segment."
Dome
A rectangular prism or a cuboid.
If you cut a rectangle in half you wouldn't get a solid figure at all, since a rectangle is a plane figure. If you made a straight line cut you would get either a triangle or a quadrilateral of some variety depending on exactly how the cut was made.
we need dimensions to figure that out
Depends where you make the cut Across the planes it is a CUBOID Across the corners it is PYRAMID .
If the cylinder is cut in half along the side it is still a cylinder. If the cylinder is cut in half along one of the circular faces it is a horizontal cylindrical segment, which would look like a pig trough not hollowed out.
If you speak of half of 100 in number would be 50. If you talk about the figure, half of this would be zero.
The amount of a liquid that is displaced by a solid = the volume of that solid. You could half fill a graduated cylinder. Drop something that sinks into the graduated cylinder to test its volume.
a circle
Technically you can not trace a sphere. If the base conditions are the same as for the other solid shapes, for example a cylinder, there is a base on which the cylinder rests, which creates the circle when it is traced. A sphere on a base would be touching in one point, which would be a dot. If you trace half a sphere, yes, than you do get a circle.
No. The curved surface of the cylinders would be the same but the areas of the circular discs at the two ends of the cylinder would be unchanged in the first case but quartered in the second.
Check out "horizontal cylindric segment" in Wolfram Alpha Online. That is the correct term for the solid you are looking for. Wolfram Alpha - "The solid cut from a horizontal cylinder of length L and radius R by a single plane oriented parallel to the cylinder's axis of symmetry (i.e., a portion of a horizontal cylindrical tank which is partially filled with fluid) is called a horizontal cylindrical segment."