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Network topology is the manner in which the physical components of a LAN are connected together. Network topology can be either physical or logical.
Star topology is one of the oldest topology
Also called signal topology. Every LAN has a topology, or the way that the devices on a network are arranged and how they communicate with each other. The way that the workstations are connected to the network through the actual cables that transmit data -- the physical structure of the network -- is called the physical topology. The logical topology, in contrast, is the way that the signals act on the network media, or the way that the data passes through the network from one device to the next without regard to the physical interconnection of the devices. Logical topologies are bound to the network protocols that direct how the data moves across a network. The Ethernet protocol is a common logical bus topology protocol. LocalTalk is a common logical bus or star topology protocol. IBM's Token Ring is a common logical ring topology protocol. A network's logical topology is not necessarily the same as its physical topology. For example, twisted pair Ethernet is a logical bus topology in a physical star topology layout. While IBM's Token Ring is a logical ring topology, it is physically set up in a star topology.
LAN based or a WAN based topology
A topology is the physical configuration of a network. Each network has their own particular type of topology, with the most common being LAN or WAN. Irregular topology is a common topology of LAN, where the information is sent through random connections between computers.
In a LAN, the star topology is very common.
For a topology, the most common is a star topology.
A hub
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Ring, Bus, Star, Mesh, Hybrid.
he most commonly used network topology is a hybrid topology called the Star Bus TopologyRead more: http://wiki.answers.com/What_is_network_topology_and_give_an_example_of_the_most_common_network_topology#ixzz1TrCMGlb6
The most common LAN topology is that of a "star." In a star topology, each computer, or "node", is connected to a central hub. This is more reliable than a more classical "ring" topology, because a node failing will not bring down the entire network. A bus topology is arguably more reliable, but has poorer performance.