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Chromatography
That would depend on how many yellow and blue marbles are in a pack. If yellow and blue marbles are sold separately and there are the same number of marbles in a pack, buy one of each. That's probably not the case.
In order for 4 red marbles to be one-third of a group and 3 blue marbles to make up one-fourth of the same group the number has to equal 12.
7.5 grams
7
I suppose that the manual separation is the most simple method.
Chromatography
6
That would depend on how many yellow and blue marbles are in a pack. If yellow and blue marbles are sold separately and there are the same number of marbles in a pack, buy one of each. That's probably not the case.
In order for 4 red marbles to be one-third of a group and 3 blue marbles to make up one-fourth of the same group the number has to equal 12.
There has to be 12 marbles in the group. If 4 are red that is 1/3 of 12 and if 3 are blue that is 1/4 of 12. The rest can be any color. That is how you explain how four red marbles can make up 1/3 of a group of marbles and three blue marbles make up 1/4 of the same group :)
7.5 grams
7
minus one red marble plus one blue marble
Density is mass per unit volume. More marbles is more mass, but will be more volume as well. If the marbles are all the same, any number of them will have the same density, which is 2.5 grams/cm3. This is a "thinking" problem rather than a "calculation" problem.
1 in 5.45 of picking at least 2 blue marbles any 2 from 3 is 3 correct picks =3X7(red)=21 of 2 blue only 1 pick of 3 blue only any 3 from 10=120 120/22=5.45
Since density is mass per unit volume, the density is the same.