inch
The unit you should use to measure the thin edge of a dime would be millimeters.
foot
Newtons.
Meters if you're using the metric system. Otherwise use feet.
inches or centimeters
kilograms
millimetres or centimetres.
Centimetre.
I would use a centimetre to measure the length of a boy. Not sure what a boy yard is, though.
millileter (ml) should be appropriate for that.
The liter.
To accurately measure the height of a bike, use a tape measure to measure the distance from the ground to the highest point of the bike's frame, typically the top tube. This measurement will give you the bike's height.