5
Irrational numbers
They are irrational numbers!
They are numbers that are infinite
yes * * * * * No. Rational and irrational numbers are two DISJOINT subsets of the real numbers. That is, no rational number is irrational and no irrational is rational.
properties of irrational numbers
Yes, no irrational numbers are whole numbers.
No. Irrational numbers are real numbers, therefore it is not imaginary.
Not necessarily. The sum of two irrational numbers can be rational or irrational.
No, but the majority of real numbers are irrational. The set of real numbers is made up from the disjoint subsets of rational numbers and irrational numbers.
All irrational numbers are not rational.
There are an infinite number of irrational numbers.
If you mean by 'used' when were they first discussed then that was probably the Pythagoreans of Greece around the 5th century BC. They didn't use them so much as argue about them! The first mathematician to use them systematically was Abu Kamil Shuja ibn Aslam of Egypt, around the 9th century. He used them as solutions and coefficients of equations. For more information please see the wikipedia article about irrational numbers.