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If a molecule has different charges at different ends, it is called a polar molecule, or a dipole. Dipoles occur when the electronegativity of the atoms in the molecule force the electrons to be pulled more towards one side. An example of a polar molecule is H2O. Since Oxygen has a greater electronegativity than Hydrogen, the molecules are pulled towards the Oxygen more than they are towards the Hydrogen.
There are cases when a molecule seems like it would be polar, but isn't. For instance, CH4 has polar bonds, but the molecule itself is not polar. To determine why, you have to draw out a structural diagram of CH4. Since the Hydrogens (atoms of equal electronegativity) are diametrically opposite one another, the molecule is nonpolar. That does not mean that a molecule like CH2Cl2 would be nonpolar, since there is still a great difference in the electronegativity of Hydrogen and Chlorine.
An electronegativity difference of 0.5 or less is considered insignificant.
Additionally, what you are referring to may be Vander Waals Forces (or London Dispersion Forces) which create temporary dipoles.
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Why does water dissolve substances?
Water is a polar molecule, meaning it has a positive and negative side. This allows it to interact with other polar and ionic substances, breaking them apart and forming bonds with the dissolved molecules. This process is known as hydration or solvation.
What charges does a polar molecule have on opposite ends?
A polar molecule has a partial positive charge on one end and a partial negative charge on the other end. This separation of charge occurs due to differences in electronegativity between the atoms within the molecule, creating a dipole moment.
What does it mean when a molecule is said to bepolar?
When a molecule is said to be polar, it means that there is an uneven distribution of electron density within the molecule. This leads to the formation of positive and negative regions within the molecule, resulting in a net dipole moment. This polarity allows for interactions such as hydrogen bonding between molecules.
Is both and atom and a molecule part of an ion?
Sorta, a molecule can neither be positive or negative and atom can only be an ion when in an ionic bond when it received or gave electrons.
What part of the H2O molecule is the negative pole?
there is no negative pole in h2o molecule
Explain how a water molecule can be attracted to both a positive ion and a negative ion when dissolving an ionic compound?
In the case of dissolving an ionic compound, the positive ion (cation) attracts the partially negative oxygen atom of the water molecule due to its charge, forming a hydrogen bond. Similarly, the negative ion (anion) attracts the partially positive hydrogen atoms of the water molecule, also forming a hydrogen bond. This attraction between water molecules and ions helps to break apart the ionic lattice structure and allows the compound to dissolve in water.
What is difference between the polar and free redical?
The polar molecule is one which has partially positive charge at its one part or one element of a compound and partially negative at the other. The partially negative part bearing part have usually high Electronegative atom. On the other hand, the radical is one which bears no charge but it has an unpaired electron.
What part of a water molecule is negative?
The oxygen atom in a water molecule is partially negative due to its higher electronegativity compared to hydrogen. This results in a slight charge separation within the molecule, making oxygen slightly negative and hydrogen slightly positive.
What are the negative and positive parts of an atom?
Negative: The negative part of an atom is the electrons which have a negative charge and orbit around the nucleus. Positive: The positive part of an atom is the nucleus which contains protons with a positive charge.
What does it mean when lipids are non-polar?
When a substance is polar it means that the molecules have a partial positive charge on one part of the molecule and a partial negative charge on the other. When a substance such as a lipid is nonpolar it means that it does not have this trait.
The difference between polar molecuels and nonpolar molecuels?
Polar molecules have an uneven distribution of charge due to differences in electronegativity between atoms, resulting in a positive and negative pole. Nonpolar molecules have a symmetrical distribution of electrons, with no significant difference in charge across the molecule. This difference in charge distribution results in different properties such as solubility and interaction with other molecules.
What part of DNA gives the molecule a negative charge?
The phosphate groups in the DNA molecule give it a negative charge.
