Jupiter, and planets further away from the Sun than Jupiter.
Yes, planets that are closer to the Sun, like Mercury and Venus, revolve at faster orbital speeds due to stronger gravitational attraction from the Sun. According to Kepler's laws of planetary motion, the closer a planet is to the Sun, the shorter its orbital period, meaning it takes less time to complete one orbit. This is why Mercury, the smallest and closest planet to the Sun, has the highest orbital speed.
Jupiter's orbital period is only 1.53% less than1/7 the orbital period of Uranus.
Uranus has a lower orbital speed than Jupiter.
The inner planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars) have relatively low orbital inclinations compared to the outer planets (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune). The inner planets orbit the Sun in a more or less flat plane known as the ecliptic, while the outer planets have more inclined orbits relative to this plane.
Venus' orbital path is the most circular of all the planets. The eccentricity of the orbit of Venus is less than 0.01.
The square of the time period of revolution is directly proportional to the cube of the mean distance between the planet and its Sun. T2 α R3T = Time Period R = Length of the semi-major axis
Mercury's orbital path primarily contains small debris and dust particles, as it is the innermost planet in the solar system. Due to its proximity to the Sun, it has a relatively clean orbital environment compared to other planets. However, it may also encounter meteoroids and small asteroids that occasionally cross its path. Overall, Mercury's orbital path is less cluttered than those of the outer planets.
Less. Uranus is further away from the Sun. In general, the planets closer to the Sun move faster.
The mass of the Sun and the distance between the planet and Sun. As the Sun's mass is (more or less) constant, all we need to know is the distance. Technically this is called the "semi major axis" of the elliptical orbit. (If you wanted to be really, really accurate the mass of the planet does have a very very small effect.)
Because Venus has less distance to travel than the Earth and is travelling faster. With an orbital speed of 35.02 km/s and an orbital period of 224.70069 days gives an orbital distance of 679,883,169.35km The Earth has an orbital speed of 29.78 km/s (Slower than Venus) and an orbital period of 365.256 days gives an orbital distance of 939,800,765.95km
The speed of light in empty space is constant, i.e., always the same. However, the speed of light in another medium can change. So, if a planet has a denser atmosphere than Earth, the speed of light will probably be slightly less than here.
There is no necessary connection between mass and distance. The mass of a planet does not affect its orbital speed, for example. However the "giant planets" are further from the Sun than the less massive "terrestrial planets". The outer (more massive planets) contain a lot of gases. So, they would surely lose a lot of their mass if they were nearer the Sun. (In fact, we have found planets called "hot Jupiters" orbiting other stars. These are Jupiter type planets, but they orbit very close to their star.)