star topology
STAR Topology
A network star topology has all the clients connect to a central device, such as a hub or switch. The clients look like points of a star, hence the term star topology.
A star topology; a network topology in which endpoints on a network are connected to a common central device by point-to-point links.
Topology is the structure that describes how devices in a Network are connected.Bus Topology: Directly connects all devices to network i.e utilises a single Physical medium for Data transmission between devices.Star Topology: Connects all devices in network through a Central Network connecting device such as Hubs & Switches.Advantage of Bus Topology is that less connecting cable is used.Advantage of Star Topology is that Network can function in case one or more devices fail.Disadvantage of Bus Topology is that whole Network goes down if one device fails.Disadvantage of Star Topology is that it requires physical connecting medium from Central device to the connecting device i.e more expensive.
Mesh topology is the most secure topology bcoz in mesh topology each device has a dedicated link to others .
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The NIC (network interface card) provides this interface.
-it is relatively easy to troubleshoot problems on this topology -the network services require no reconfiguration if the network structure changes -there are no device installation difficulties
hub
In a star topology, each device connects to a central network connectivity device such as a hub, switch, or router. These devices would be connected as a "star" (points on a star). The other characteristic of a star topology is that a failing connection will only affect the failed device unless that device is the connectivity device. This means that in most cases a failing device on a star will not take down the entire network. Another characteristic of a star is that they are easily expandable and scalable.
hierarchical (extended) star topology
It's a network architecture which employs wireless devices. Compared to "classical" network topology, where the cable is network medium, in wireless networks is the air a network medium. It means, that all data travels through the air. Wireless topology can be of 2 basic categories: Ad-hoc = no central device, just a bunch of computers connected together through their wireless network adapters. Infrastructure = there is a central device called "access point" to which all client computers connect. This access point provides interconnectivity between clients and also sometimes between the wireless and wired network.