The twelve-tone technique, also known as dodecaphony, was created by Austrian composer Arnold Schoenberg in the early 1920s. The technique involves arranging the twelve chromatic notes of the Western music scale in a specific order called a "tone row" and then using that row to create a piece of music. The technique was later developed and expanded upon by Schoenberg's students Alban Berg and Anton Webern, as well as other composers of the Second Viennese School.
Arnold Schoenberg
The twelve-tone technique is a style of atonal music in which none of the 12 notes in the chromatic scale is used any more or less than any other note in the scale.
It is called twelve-tone technique, which is a form of serialism.
twelve-tone technique. This type of composition ensures that all 12 notes of the musical scale are sounded as often as one another in a piece of music. All the 12 notes are thus given more or less equal importance, thus avoiding being in a key
The twelve-tone technique is a style of atonal music in which none of the 12 notes in the chromatic scale is used any more or less than any other note in the scale.
twelve-tone system
The tone row is a predetermined sequence of all twelve notes of the chromatic scale.
augmentation
Tone rows can appear in retrograde, inversion, retrograde inversion forms in a twelve-tone composition. The "diatonic" form is not a valid form for a tone row in twelve-tone composition.
48 possible tone rows
Schoenberg
The Twelve was created in 1918.