It is easy (with the right equipment ) to measure the periodicity of the eclipsing system and thereby the rotational speeds and thereby the relative masses and thereby (with the brightness) the distance and all sorts of other things.
Binary systems appear in many ancient cultures. The earliest is believed to be the I Ching, a Chinese philosophical text that dates back to the 9th century BC. Other early examples of binary systems include the Mangarevan invention of binary steps for arithmetic, Shao Yang's binary arrangement of hexagrams, and Pingala's work on prosody. The modern binary number system was studied by Gottfried Leibniz in 1679. Leibniz published a work in 1703 that describes the binary system of the Chinese and his own system of binary numbers. Leibniz attributed the invention of binary system to Fuxi.
A binary system is a special type of a number system. The binary system uses only two digits, other number systems use more.
Octal, binary, duodecimal, and decimal, to name but four.
On the lighter side Either yes or no.
The binary system requires only two digits. It is, therefore, simpler to code numbers for electrical, electronic or optical data storage systems.
Algol
algol
eclipsing
"Occulting binary". The word "occult" means hidden or in shadows; if a binary star's orbital plane happens to be exactly through the Earth's path, we might see two stars when they're separate and then see one of the stars disappear behind (or in front of) the other.
That's an 'eclipsing binary'.
Yes. Zeta Tauri, Kappa Tauri, and Lambda Tauri are eclipsing binary stars.
That happens in an "eclipsing binary".
See related link for a picture of Sirius and it's binary. Sirius B can be found in the bottom left corner.
Each of those is an eclipsing binary.
Yes, because it is easier to determine the precise times of their mutual orbits, which allows us to calculate their masses.
Precisely by the eclipse - that's what an "eclipsing binary system" is all about. The idea is that one of the stars partially (or completely, in some cases) covers the other star; with the result that the combined brightness (as seen from Earth) gets less for some time.
Because in eclipsing binaries, the two stars orbit each other regularly passing in front of the other, blocking out some or all of light of the hidden star.