Point to point topologies -with just 2 interconnected nodes, P2P do not require addressing
layer one
A router is the most efficient device at moving packets between similar network topologies. Routers operate at the network layer (Layer 3) of the OSI model and are designed to determine the best path for packets to travel based on destination IP addresses. They use routing tables to make these decisions and can handle different types of network topologies, such as Ethernet, Wi-Fi, and fiber optic networks, making them versatile and efficient for packet forwarding.
RARP (Reverse Address Resolution Protocol) maps layer 2 addresses to layer 3 addresses. ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) maps layer 3 addresses to layer 2 addresses.
Network layer
The layer 2 devices use the data link layer addresses.
It is only used at Layer 2. It eliminates Layer 2 loops in network topologies.
Network layer
Layer 3 network addresses are logical addresses and can be easily changed by software.
IP addresses
Data Link Layer
transport layer
Layer 1 of the OSI Layer Model does not support MAC addresses.