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As they burn, the candles are using up oxygen under the bell jar. They produce carbon dioxide as a result. Carbon dioxide is havier than air and so collects at the bottom of the bell jar. The lower candle goes out when the level of carbon dioxide gets high enough to "drown" that candles flame - that is, block it from any oxygen. However, it is possible that, before that happens, so much of the oxygen in the bell jar is used up that the remainder is not enough to sustain a flame.

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Q: Why does a candle gets extinguished when 2 candles of different sizes and same thickness are covered by same bell jar?
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