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If you begin with 100 and increase it by 25%, predictably, you end up with 125. But when you decrease it by 20%, we're talking about 20% of the latest result, not of the original number. 20% of 125 is (125)*(0.2) = 25. So 125 - 25 brings you back to 100.

You cannot simplify or total the change in percent before calculating, because we're not always talking about the percent of the same number.

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