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To see if there is a linear relationship between the dependent and independent variables. The relationship may not be linear but of a higher degree polynomial, exponential, logarithmic etc. In that case the variable(s) may need to be transformed before carrying out a regression.

It is also important to check that the data are homoscedastic, that is to say, the error (variance) remains the same across the values that the independent variable takes. If not, a transformation may be appropriate before starting a simple linear regression.

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Q: Why is it important to look at a scatter plot prior to starting a simple linear regression?
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