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This is the maximum distance the atoms can be placed away from each other. If you change any of the angles, some of the atoms will be closer together and will experience steric repulsions. By placing the atoms 109.5 degrees apart, you minimize steric repulsions and free energy. ------------------------------------------------------ Edit (AY12345): You know the shape of the molecule. Draw it out. Use a little trigonometry, and the angles can be calculated mathematically.

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Q: Why is there a measurement of 109.5 degrees between bonds on a tetrahedral?
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Why is methane tetrahedral?

Carbon has 4 bonds, bonded electrons repel one and other, so the tetrahedral shape is formed because the covalent bond between the carbon and the hydrogen causes a repulsion to the other bonds which themselves repulse. Therefore the bonds will repulse one and other until they are the maximum possible distance from each other. so the bond angle is the maximum it can be, in this case 109.5 degrees.


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