Commutative law: The order of the operands doesn't change the result. For example, 4 + 3 = 3 + 4.
Associative: (1 + 2) + 3 = 1 + (2 + 3) - it doesn't matter which addition you do first.
Both laws are valid for addition, and for multiplication (as these are usually defined, with numbers. However, special "multiplications" have been defined that are not associative, or not commutative - for example, the cross product of vectors, or multiplication of matrices are not commutative.
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No, changing order of vectors in subtraction give different resultant so commutative and associative laws do not apply to vector subtraction.
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There are many properties of multiplication. There is the associative property, identity property and the commutative property. There is also the zero product property.
The multiplication properties are: Commutative property. Associative property. Distributive property. Identity property. And the Zero property of Multiplication.