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16:1
5:11
If the length ratio is 2:7 then the area ratio would be 4:49, squaring the 2 and the 7.
The ratios of areas are the squares of the ratio of lengths (and the ratio of volumes are cubes of the ratio of lengths). As the perimeter of the second is twice the perimeter of the first, each length of the second is twice the length of the first, and so the ratio of the lengths is 1:2 Thus the ratio of the areas is 1²:2² = 1:4. Therefore the surface area of the larger prism is four times that of the smaller prism.
The ratio of the surface areas of two similar objects is equal to the square of the ratio of their corresponding linear dimensions. Since the diameter of the moon is one fourth of the diameter of the Earth, the ratio of their diameters is 1:4. Therefore, the ratio of their surface areas is (1/4)^2 = 1/16. This means that the surface area of the moon is 1/16th of the surface area of the Earth.