It is a mapping which assigns one or more outputs to each set of one or more inputs. A relationship need not be a function.
The relationship is called a surjection or a surjective function.
Anything you like - it depends on the function that relates the output to the input.
~the function is most likely inversely proportional. ~more input results in less output.
Y is the output and X is the input.
No. A function has only one output per input.
There need not be any relationship.
A function.
is unknown
Design
Relation
Function
Returns to scale refer to a special relationship between output and input. During production, this relationship refers to the connection between the changes that occur with the output and those that began in the input.
yes
function
Input energy = output energy + losses
function rule
: It depicts a relationship between output and a given input.