relevant to a hypothesis, either
positively or negatively.
2.2 Hypotheses and Sub-hypotheses
Hypotheses are questions or conjectures of interest to an
observer. Hypotheses may involve alternative possible
explanations, possible answers, or alternative estimates.
Hypotheses may have substructure. It is sometimes possible to
partition a high-level hypothesis into a set of sub-hypotheses. The
substructure decomposition is always a hierarchical tree. The
hierarchy may be several levels deep before bottoming out in
questions that can be directly assessed and answered by evidence.
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Hypothesis
A Hypothesis is something that you set out to test to prove or disprove. A Lemma is something that has already been proved that you use to help prove something else.
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When probability value (p-value) is greater than alpha value, we fail to reject the null hypothesis.Probablity value is the probability of obtaining an answer equal to or more extreme than the observed value.Alpha value is the level of significance. It's the value set that determines if a result is statistically significant, or in other words, if it's not likely to have occurred simply due to chance. Alpha value is usually 5%.There are two hypotheses when we conduct a hypothesis test: the null hypothesis and the alternative hypothesis.The null hypothesis acts as a default position. It's usually an assumption that there is no relationship between two events or that a treatment has no effect. In most legal systems, the null hypothesis would be that the defendant is innocent.The alternative hypothesis is what we would assume if we reject the null hypothesis. We reject the null hypothesis when the probability value is less than the alpha value.