In phonology, minimal pairs are pairs of words or phrases in a particular language, which differ in only one phonological element, such as a phone, phoneme, toneme or chroneme and have distinct meaning.
An example is comb and rome. The phonemic transcription of comb is [komb] and the phonemic transcription of rome is [rown]. Therefor this pair of words constitute a minimal pair: initial consonant.
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It is the set of all ordered pair of the from (x, y) where x ÃŽ A and y ÃŽ B.
The point of the functional property is that for any pair in the set of ordered pairs, the first coordinate determines what the second one is. That's why you can write "G(x)" for any x in the domain ofG and not be ambiguous.
There isn't a name...they're just called a pair of parallel lines.
You can set variable "x" to any value, and then calculate the corresponding value for "y" - that will give you an ordered pair.
This one is much more straightforward. There are 5C2 = 10 ways to choose two parallel lines from the set of five. There are 4C2 = 6 ways to choose two parallelograms from a set of four. Any parallelogram is uniquely determined by one pair of lines from the five, and one pair of lines from the four. Thus, the number of possible parallelograms is(5C2)*(4C2) = (10)*(6) = 60